Extrusion process
Description (definition)
Extrusion is an industrial manufacturing process in which thermoplastic materials are forced through a die under pressure to form continuous products with a uniform cross-section. Common applications include the production of pipes, hoses, profiles, films and cable sheathing. The process offers a high production speed and enables the processing of various plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP).
An example
A typical example is the production of plastic pipes for the construction industry. In the extrusion process, the molten material is pressed into a die, which determines the shape of the pipe, and then cooled to achieve the final stability.
How does the extrusion process work in detail?
The material, usually in granulate or powder form, is heated in an extruder until it melts. A rotating screw transports the material through the extruder and presses it through a shaping nozzle. After exiting the die, the material is cooled and cut or rolled up, depending on the type of product.
Which materials are suitable for the extrusion process?
The process is suitable for a wide range of thermoplastics, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS). Depending on the material, specific additives can be added to improve properties such as UV resistance or flexibility.
What are the advantages of the extrusion process?
The extrusion process enables the cost-efficient manufacture of products with consistent quality and high production speeds. It is particularly suitable for the mass production of components with a constant cross-section and can be adapted to different materials and product requirements.