Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
Description (definition)
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is an amorphous, thermoplastic material consisting of the three monomers acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. This combination gives ABS high impact resistance, strength and good processability. ABS is often used in the automotive industry, electronics, toy manufacturing and for consumer goods. It offers an ideal balance of hardness, flexibility and heat resistance.
Example
A well-known example is the use of ABS in the manufacture of LEGO bricks. The high precision and stability of the material ensure that the bricks fit together perfectly and are durable.
What are the special properties of ABS?
ABS combines hardness, flexibility and impact strength in one material. The acrylonitrile component provides chemical resistance and strength, butadiene gives toughness and flexibility, while styrene offers a smooth, easily machinable surface. This makes ABS versatile and ideal for products that have to withstand mechanical stress.
Where is ABS typically used?
ABS is used in the automotive industry for dashboards, panels and housings. In electronics, it is used for remote controls, housings for household appliances and toys such as LEGO bricks. ABS is also used in 3D printing, where it is popular due to its processability and stability.
What are the weaknesses of ABS compared to other plastics?
ABS is less resistant to UV radiation and has a lower chemical resistance to strong acids and solvents. For outdoor applications, ABS is therefore often treated with UV-stabilizing additives. Compared to polycarbonate (PC), it offers less heat resistance but is more cost-effective.